Outflow/Applications of Funds

Where, on account of an accounting transaction, there is a decrease in Fund (working capital) we say that there is an outflow/application of fund.

There will be an outflow, when, on account of the transaction, there is

  • a decrease in the value of a non-current liability
    (Or)
  • an increase in the value of a non-current asset

We employ funds either in purchasing assets or towards clearing liabilities.

Illustrative Explanation

Consider, the following consolidated balance sheet
Balance Sheet of M/s __ as on 30th June __
LiabilitiesAmountAssetsAmount
Non-Current Liabilities
Current Liabilities
89,00,000
15,00,000
Non-Current Assets
Current Assets
80,00,000
24,00,000
 1,04,00,0001,04,00,000

From the above balance sheet,

Working Capital = Current Assets - Current Liabilities
= 24,00,000 - 15,00,000
= 9,00,000
(Or) = Non-Current Liabilities - Non-Current Assets
= 89,00,000 - 80,00,000
= 9,00,000

Increase in the value of Non-Current Assets

  • Purchase of an Asset valued 4,00,000 for cash
    Dr. Fixed Asset a/c
    Cr. Cash a/c
    Non-Current Asset
    Current Asset
    Increase
    Decrease

    After taking into account the affect of the above transaction,

    Current Assets (Changed) = Current Assets (old) - Decrease
    = 24,00,000 - 50,000
    = 23,50,000

    Non-Current Asset (Changed) = Non-Current Asset (old) + Increase
    = 80,00,000 + 4,00,000
    = 84,00,000

    Working Capital (Changed) = Current Assets (Changed) - Current Liabilities
    = 20,00,000 - 15,00,000
    = 5,00,000
    (Or) = Non-Current Liabilities - Non-Current Assets (Changed)
    = 89,00,000 - 84,00,000
    = 5,00,000

    Working capital has changed from 9,00,000 to 5,00,000.

  • Purchased an Asset and accepted a Bills Payable for the amount due 5,00,000
    Dr. Fixed Asset a/c
    Cr. Bills Payable a/c
    Non-Current Asset
    Current Liability
    Increase
    Increase

    After taking into account the affect of the above transaction,

    Non-Current Assets (Changed) = Non-Current Assets (old) + Increase
    = 80,00,000 + 5,00,000
    = 85,00,000

    Current Liability (Changed) = Current Liability (old) + Increase
    = 15,00,000 + 5,00,000
    = 20,00,000

    Working Capital (Changed) = Current Assets - Current Liabilities (Changed)
    = 24,00,000 - 20,00,000
    = 4,00,000
    (Or) = Non-Current Liabilities - Non-Current Assets (Changed)
    = 89,00,000 - 85,00,000
    = 4,00,000

    Working capital has changed from 9,00,000 to 4,00,000.

Decrease in the value of Non-Current Liabilities

  • Issued a cheque for 2,35,000 to clear a Long term loan
    Dr. Long Term Loan a/c
    Cr. Bank a/c
    Non-Current Liability
    Current Asset
    Decrease
    Decrease

    After taking into account the affect of the above transaction,

    Current Assets (Changed) = Current Assets (old) - Decrease
    = 24,00,000 - 2,35,000
    = 21,65,000

    Non-Current Liability (Changed) = Non-Current Liability (old) - Decrease
    = 89,00,000 - 2,35,000
    = 86,65,000

    Working Capital (Changed) = Current Assets (Changed) - Current Liabilities
    = 21,65,000 - 15,00,000
    = 6,65,000
    (Or) = Non-Current Liabilities (Changed) - Non-Current Assets
    = 86,65,000 - 80,00,000
    = 6,65,000

    Working capital has changed from 9,00,000 to 6,65,000.

  • Bills payable accepted for the amount due to a partner on his capital account 1,20,000
    Dr. Partners Capital a/c
    Cr. Bills Payable a/c
    Non-Current Liability
    Current Liability
    Decrease
    Increase

    After taking into account the affect of the above transaction,

    Current Liabilities (Changed) = Current Liabilities (old) + Increase
    = 15,00,000 + 1,20,000
    = 16,20,000

    Non-Current Liabilities(Changed) = Non-Current Liabilities (old) - Decrease
    = 89,00,000 - 1,20,000
    = 87,80,000

    Working Capital (Changed) = Current Assets - Current Liabilities (Changed)
    = 24,00,000 - 16,20,000
    = 7,80,000
    (Or) = Non-Current Liabilities - Non-Current Assets (Changed)
    = 87,80,000 - 80,00,000
    = 7,80,000

    Working capital has changed from 9,00,000 to 7,80,000.

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