Inflow/Sources of Funds

Where, on account of an accounting transaction, there is an increase in Fund (working capital) we say that there is an inflow/source of fund.

There will be an inflow, when, on account of the transaction, there is

  • a decrease in the value of a non-current asset
    (Or)
  • an increase in the value of a non-current liability

We raise funds either by selling away assets or by taking loans (liabilities).

Illustrative Explanation

Consider, the following consolidated balance sheet
Balance Sheet of M/s __ as on 30th June __
LiabilitiesAmountAssetsAmount
Non-Current Liabilities
Current Liabilities
89,00,000
15,00,000
Non-Current Assets
Current Assets
80,00,000
24,00,000
 1,04,00,0001,04,00,000

From the above balance sheet,

Working Capital = Current Assets - Current Liabilities
= 24,00,000 - 15,00,000
= 9,00,000
(Or) = Non-Current Liabilities - Non-Current Assets
= 89,00,000 - 80,00,000
= 9,00,000

Decrease in the value of Non-Current Assets

  • Sold Land 5,60,000 and received consideration through a cheque
    Dr. Bank a/c
    Cr. Land a/c
    Current Asset
    Non-Current Asset
    Increase
    Decrease

    After taking into account the affect of the above transaction,

    Current Assets (Changed) = Current Assets (old) + Increase
    = 24,00,000 + 5,60,000
    = 29,60,000

    Non-Current Asset (Changed) = Non-Current Asset (old) - Decrease
    = 80,00,000 - 5,60,000
    = 74,40,000

    Working Capital (Changed) = Current Assets (Changed) - Current Liabilities
    = 29,60,000 - 15,00,000
    = 14,60,000
    (Or) = Non-Current Liabilities - Non-Current Assets (Changed)
    = 89,00,000 - 74,40,000
    = 14,60,000

    Working capital has changed from 9,00,000 to 14,60,000.

  • Settled creditors account 2,90,000 by giving away long term investments
    Dr. Creditors a/c
    Cr. Investments a/c
    Current Liability
    Non-Current Asset
    Decrease
    Decrease

    After taking into account the affect of the above transaction,

    Current Liability (Changed) = Current Liabilities (old) - Decrease
    = 15,00,000 - 2,90,000
    = 12,10,000

    Non-Current Asset(Changed) = Non-Current Assets (old) - Decrease
    = 80,00,000 - 2,90,000
    = 77,10,000

    Working Capital (Changed) = Current Assets - Current Liabilities (Changed)
    = 24,00,000 - 12,10,000
    = 11,90,000
    (Or) = Non-Current Liabilities - Non-Current Assets (Changed)
    = 89,00,000 - 77,10,000
    = 11,90,000

    Working capital has changed from 9,00,000 to 11,90,000.

Increase in the value of Non-Current Liabilities

  • Partner introduced capital by endorsing bills receivable worth 85,000
    Dr. Bills Receivable a/c
    Cr. Partners Capital a/c
    Current Asset
    Non-Current Liability
    Increase
    Increase

    After taking into account the affect of the above transaction,

    Current Assets (Changed) = Current Assets (old) + Increase
    = 24,00,000 + 85,000
    = 24,85,000

    Non-Current Liability (Changed) = Non-Current Liability (old) + Increase
    = 89,00,000 + 85,000
    = 89,85,000

    Working Capital (Changed) = Current Assets (Changed) - Current Liabilities
    = 24,85,000 - 15,00,000
    = 9,85,000
    (Or) = Non-Current Liabilities (Changed) - Non-Current Assets
    = 89,85,000 - 80,00,000
    = 9,85,000

    Working capital has changed from 9,00,000 to 9,85,000.

  • Issued Debentures to creditors worth 4,00,000
    Dr. Creditors a/c
    Cr. Debentures a/c
    Current Liability
    Non-Current Liability
    Decrease
    Increase

    After taking into account the affect of the above transaction,

    Non-Current Liabilities (Changed) = Non-Current Liabilities (old) + Increase
    = 89,00,000 + 4,00,000
    = 93,00,000

    Current Liability (Changed) = Current Liability (old) - Decrease
    = 15,00,000 - 4,00,000
    = 11,00,000

    Working Capital (Changed) = Current Assets - Current Liabilities (Changed)
    = 24,00,000 - 11,00,000
    = 13,00,000
    (Or) = Non-Current Liabilities (Changed) - Non-Current Assets
    = 93,00,000 - 80,00,000
    = 13,00,000

    Working capital has changed from 9,00,000 to 13,00,000.

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